Bronze Age Storage Jars Found at Ancient Shiloh

Stand for Israel  |  June 24, 2026

ROAD WIDENING REVEALS 10,000 YEAR OLD HOUSE Dateline: Eshta'ol. 25 November 2013 The first picture shows an aerial view of the large excavation along Highway 38 near Beit Shemesh. (241U1) The second picture shows a 10,000 year-old house, the oldest dwelling to be unearthed to date in the Judean Shephelah. (241U2) The third picture shows a standing stone (mazzev) which is worked on all of its sides. This is evidence of cultic activity in the Chalcolithic period. (241U3) The fourth picture shows a Chalcolithic period building and the standing stone (mazzev) positioned at the end of it. (241U4) The fifth picture shows a typical jar of the Early Bronze Age that was discovered buried beneath the floor of a building. (241U5) An extensive archaeological excavation of the Israel Antiquities Authority (IAA) prior to widening Highway 38 some twenty-five kilometers west of Jerusalem is producing amazing finds that provide a broad picture covering thousands of years of development of human society. Settlement remains were unearthed at the site, the earliest of which dates to the beginning of the eighth millennium BCE and latest to the end of the fourth millennium BCE. The finds revealed at the site range from the period when man first started to domesticate plants and animals, instead of searching for them in the wild, until the period when we see the beginnings of proper urban planning. The oldest artifacts that were exposed at the site are ascribed to the Pre-Pottery Neolithic period (10,000 years ago). According to Dr. Amir Golani, Dr. Ya'akov Vardi, Benyamin Storchan and Dr. Ron Be'eri, excavation directors on behalf of the IAA, "This is the first time that such an ancient structure has been discovered in the Judean Shephelah. The building, almost all of which was found, underwent a number of construction and repair phases that allude to its importance. It should be emphasized that whoever built the house did something that was totally innovative because up until this period man migrated from place to place in search of food. Here we have evidence of man’s transition to permanent dwellings and that in fact is the beginning of the domestication of animals and plants; instead of searching out wild sheep, ancient man started raising them near the house." A cluster of nine flint and limestone axes that were discovered lying side by side was found near this prehistoric building. "It is apparent that the axes, some of which were used as tools and some as cultic objects, were highly valued by their owners. Just as today we are unable to get along without a cellular telephone and a computer, they too attributed great importance to their tools. Based on how it was arranged at the time of its discovery it seems that the cluster of axes was abandoned by its owner for some unknown reason." In the archaeological excavation conducted at Eshta'ol an important and rare find from the end of the Chalcolithic period (second half of the fifth millennium BCE) was discovered in the adjacent area. During the course of the excavation six thousand year old buildings were exposed and a stone column (called a standing stone or 'mazzev') was discovered alongside one of them. The standing stone is 1.30 meters high and weighs several hundred kilos. According to the excavation directors, "The standing stone was smoothed and worked on all six of its sides, and was erected with one of its sides facing east. This unique find alludes to the presence of a cultic temple at the site." The archaeologists said, "In the past numerous manifestations have been found of the cultic practice that existed in the Chalcolithic period; however, from the research we know of only a few temples at ‘En Gedi and at Teleilat Ghassul in Transjordan." "We uncovered a multitude of unique finds during the excavation," says Dr. Amir Golani, one of the IAA excavation directors. "The large excavation affords us a broad picture of the progression and development of the society in the settlement throughout the ages. Thus we can clearly see that in the Early Bronze Age, 5,000 years ago, the rural society made the transition to an urban society. We can see distinctly a settlement that gradually became planned, which included alleys and buildings that were extremely impressive from the standpoint of their size and the manner of their construction. We can clearly trace the urban planning and see the guiding hand of the settlement's leadership that chose to regulate the construction in the crowded regions in the center of the settlement and allowed less planning along its periphery. It is fascinating to see how in such an ancient period a planned settlement was established in which there is orderly construction, and trace the development of the society which became increasingly hierarchical." Copyright: ASHERNET Ref: (6082)
Photo: Assaf Peretz

Earlier this month, three large storage jars were discovered at ancient Shiloh in a layer of earth dating to the Middle Bronze Age. Shiloh holds significant importance in Jewish history and the Torah as the site where the Tabernacle stood until King Solomon built the Holy Temple in Jerusalem. Today, the site, known as Tel Shiloh, is located in the West Bank less than 20 miles from Jerusalem.

According to The Jerusalem Post, the findings suggest that ancient Israelites lived there. Other discoveries at the site included thousands of animal bones and gold and silver offerings believed to have been presented at the Tabernacle.

“Every layer of soil in Shiloh tells a story that cannot be denied: the Jewish people lived here, worked here, and produced wine and oil here thousands of years before anyone ever dreamed of inventing a Palestinian people,” Heritage Minister Amichai Eliyahu said. “We will continue to develop and excavate our history in Shiloh and throughout Judea and Samaria, revealing to the world these findings that serve as undeniable proof of the Jewish people’s ownership and connection to this land.”

Mateh Binyamin Regional Council Israel Ganz echoed Eliyahu’s sentiment, noting Shiloh’s ancient connection to the Jewish people in the land.

“While there are those who seek to distort, deny, or erase our history, the earth itself continues to speak,” Ganz explained, adding that “time and again, discoveries emerge here that tell the story of our ancestors, who lived, worked, prayed, and built their lives in this place thousands of years ago.”

The jars, he noted, join a “long line of evidence connecting the past to the present” showing that the Jewish people are simply “continuing the path of those who came before us, cultivating the land, building communities, planting vineyards, and developing the region.”

“This is a story of historical continuity that has never been broken and will continue for generations to come.”

Tel Shiloh is also known for its annual wine festival, which took place during the same week as the discovery. While their exact purpose has not been confirmed, Mishkan Shiloh Foundation CEO Kobi Mamo suggested that the jars may have been used to store grapes and wine, given the area’s rich vineyard tradition, which continues to this day.